Riveting method and apparatus



Nov. 18, 1941.

E. BECKER RIVEITING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Sept. 14. 1938 EMIL CHER Jmewrgn.

' ATTORNE Patented Nov. 18, 1941 mvarmo METHOD AND APPARATUS Emil Becker, Munich, Germany Application September 14 1938, Serial No. 229,904

In Germany April 11, 1938 3 Claims.

My invention relates to an apparatus for heading rivets within a hollow structure formed of either magnetic or non-magnetic material, which apparatus is designed to be placed inside the hollow structure and adapted to contact the end of the rivet passing therethrough whereby the interior head of the rivet is formed.

The apparatus comprises an anvil adapted t be inserted into a structure being riveted. The anvil is retained against the inner end of a rivet by an electro-magnet which is also insertable into the structure. While the mass of the anvil absorbs the impacts of the riveting blows, the

electro-magnet keeps the anvil against the end of the rivet as the rivet shortens during the riveting operation. I

One advantage of the above apparatus is that the structure being worked upon does not in any way affect the magnetic forces acting on the anvil. With such an apparatus, it'is possible to rivet all structures where it is not possible to see or contact one end of the rivet by ordinary means whether such structure isformed of magnetic or non-magnetic material.

The manner in which the apparatus is constructed and its mode of operation are set forth in the following description and the accompanying' drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary view showing a cross-sectional side elevation through a hollow structure showing one embodiment of my apparatus ior heading rivets from within such structure;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation of a hollow structure showing an alternative con- A structionof my apparatus to that shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view through ahollow structure showing another alternativeconstruction; and

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternative construction to that shown in Figure 3.

Like characters of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawing.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure l, the apparatus there illustrated consists of a housing 9, which'supports a solenoid 8 and an anvil I which is vertically movable within the housing. The housing 9, solenoid 8 and anvil v I are adapted to be inserted withinthe structure so that the anvil I will contact the end of the against the inner 0r unseen end of the rivet and held in contact therewith as the rivet shortens during the upsetting of the inner end of the rivet. It will be apparent that through the combined -electro-magnetic forces of the solenoid and the moment of inertia 'of the anvil mass that displacement of the anvil under the influence of riveting blows struck against the rivet at the working surface-will be resisted.

The modification shown in Figure 2 consists of a frame I2 upon which is pivotally mounted a lever III, the fulcrum point of the lever in this particular embodiment being midway of its length. The anvil I is carried on one end of the lever and adapted to contact the inner end of the rivet 9 passing through the hollow structure. The end of the lever opposite to that which carries the anvil I is acted on by electro-magnetic means consisting of a magnet I 2 which is secured to thebase of the frame I2 and an armature II which is secured by appropriate means to the end of the lever opposite to that which carries the anvil I. The magnet I2-may be either a perstruction illustrated in Figure 3.

rivet 5 passing through the structure. When the solenoid 8 is supplied with electric current, the

anvil his moved vertically so that it is forced manent magnet or an electro-magnet, as desired. In either case, the magnet 12 pulls the armature II towards it, thus forcing the anvil I upwardly to press against the inner end of the rivet 9 and to follow the shortening of the rivet during the upsetting thereof Figure 3 illustrates another embodiment of my apparatus and consists of a carriage I3 which is A movably mounted on wheels ll; an anvil I movably supported by the carriage on rollers I6, the anvil consisting of a U.-shaped permanent magnet; and an opposing magnet I1 secured to said carriage and positioned so that its poles will repel the poles of the anvil and move said anvil into contact withthe inner end of the rivet 5 and follow the shortening-thereof during the riveting operation. This arrangement is particularly suitable for horizontal riveting as the anvil in this instance is pushed away from the opposing magnet and towards-the wall 3 into contact with the end of the rivet.

Figure 4 illustrates a modification of the con- The two straight magnets I8, I9 are shown separated by rollers I6. The lower magnet I9 is supported on the carriage I3'which is movably mounted on wheels I4. The anvil I is attached to the'upper permanent magnet I8 but is separated therefrom by a non-magnetic part 20. The carriage and the magnets and anvil are so constructed and positioned that when the rivet is inserted through the structure, it will push the anvil and the permanent magnet l8 away from. the wall through which the rivet has been inserted. The poles of the magnets l8, I! are placed with re-- spect to each other so that displacement will be resisted and through the action of the magnets, the upper magnet will constantly exert a force, tending to return it to the position from which it has been displaced. It will be apparent to those familiar with this art that in the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 that the carriage l3 should preferably be formed of non-magnetic material or that the magnets should be insulated from the carriage when it is formed of magnetic material. In the construction shown in Figure 4, the rollers l6 should be made of non-magnetic material in order that there will be no magnetic contact between the two magnets.

In the foregoing constructions, shown in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the anvil masses are such that they tend to resist displacement of the anvil when the rivet is struck at the outside of the structure and the magnetic force holds the anvil in contact with the inner end of the rivet during the upsetting of the rivet and causes the anvil to follow the shortening of the rivet during the riveting operation.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. Apparatus for heading rivets within a hollow structure formed of either magnetic or nonmagnetic material comprising a frame adapted to be inserted within the structure and movable therein from one riveting position to another, a lever pivotally supported by said frame, an anvil carried on one end of said lever and adapted to contact the inner end of the rivet passing in contact with the inner end of said rivet during the upsetting thereof.

2. Apparatus for heading rivets within a hollow structure formed of either magnetic or non-ma netic material comprising a frame adapted to be inserted within the structure and movable therein from one riveting position to another, a magnetic anvil supported by said frame and movable thereon to contact the end of the rivet passing through said structure, fixed magnetic means carried by said frame in juxtaposition to the anvil, wherefor the magnetic forces of the anvil and the magnetic means maintain said anvil in contact with the inner end of said rivet during the upsetting thereof.

3. Apparatus for heading rivets within a hollow structure formed of either magnetic or nonmagnetic material and comprising a frame adapted to be inserted within a structure and movable therein from one riveting position to another, an anvil supported within the structure by the frame and movable to contact the inner end of a rivet passing through said structure, magnetic. means supported within the structure by the frame and. operatively arranged to act on and hold said anvil in contact with the end of the rivet, the inertia of said anvil coupled 

